Wisdom teeth are the rear molars
that erupt sometime around the late teens or early 20s. There are
normally two wisdom teeth in the upper jaw and two in the lower jaw,
but some people have fewer than four, or even none at all. Wisdom
teeth can cause various dental problems, including overcrowding of
the existing teeth and impaction - the wisdom tooth erupts at an angle
and butts into the next-door molar (hard impaction) or the gum (soft
impaction).
A wisdom tooth that grows on an angle can't contribute to chewing,
which makes it useless as well as painful. It is recommended that
problematic wisdom teeth be removed. X-rays taken while the teeth
are still emerging can indicate whether or not they will cause difficulties.
Common problems associated with impacted wisdom teeth include gum
infections and tooth decay.
Impacted teeth are unerupted or partially erupted teeth that cannot
fully erupt due to:
Lack of space (crowding)
Ankylosis - when other causes of impaction are not corrected in a
timely manner, the roots of the impacted tooth can fuse to the surrounding
bone creating a tooth frozen in an unerupted or partially erupted
state.
Misalignment (tooth is rotated out of position)
Conflicting position (another tooth has erupted over that position)
The teeth most likely to become impacted are the third molars, also
known as "wisdom teeth." The first molars are also known
as the 6-year molars since they generally erupt at around age 6, and
the second molars are also known as the 12-year molars since they
generally erupt at around age 12. If the third molars erupted normally,
they might be called 18-year molars. But there is rarely enough space
to fit these last teeth into the small space left behind the second
molars, so the third molars often become impacted.
This panoramic x-ray shows the impacted 3rd molars (wisdom teeth).
The upper wisdom teeth are crowding the sinus cavity and may erode
the roots of the 2nd molars. The lower wisdom teeth are impacted sideways
and are likely to cause crowding of the lower teeth, leading to malocclusion.
Dental procedures Using x-rays, your dentist can determine which wisdom teeth will
be functional and which ones need to be removed. Sometimes, a person
may need all of the wisdom teeth extracted. The operation can be performed
using local or general anaesthetic, depending on the complexity of
the problem. If a wisdom tooth is potentially functional but has impacted
into the gum, your dentist may only need to snip away the soft tissue.
If the whole tooth needs to be removed, it may be necessary to cut
into nearby bone. Since a wisdom tooth is comparatively large, the
socket will need to be stitched to aid healing. Your jaw and gum are
likely to be sore, swollen and prone to bleeding for a few days after
the operation. One of the possible post-surgery complications is a
dry socket (alveolar osteitis), where the site doesn't heal as well
as it should. Your dentist can successfully treat this.
The most important thing to know about impacted teeth is that they
almost always require extraction. The longer the extraction is postponed,
the longer the tooth roots grow. When the tooth roots of an impacted
tooth are allowed to develop, the risk of complication due to extraction
increases significantly because the tooth roots may "wrap around"
sensitive facial nerves. If you have an impacted tooth and you are
not FULLY aware of the risks and alternatives associated with keeping
or extracting an impacted tooth, please Contact
Us for solution. And the most effective solution suggested
is extraction.
Oral examination
With an oral examination and x-rays of the mouth, the position of
the wisdom teeth can be evaluated and predict if there may be present
or future problems. Patients are generally first evaluated in the
mid-teenage years by their dentist, orthodontist or by an oral and
maxillofacial surgeon.
All outpatient surgery is performed under appropriate anesthesia to
maximize patient comfort. Various types of anesthesia are offered
that allow patients to select the best alternative. These services
are provided in an environment of optimum safety, utilizing modern
monitoring equipment and staff experienced in a full range of anesthesia
techniques. Removal/Extraction of Wisdom teeth:
The average adult has thirty-two teeth by age eighteen: sixteen
teeth on the top and sixteen teeth on the bottom. Each tooth in
the mouth has a specific name and function. The teeth in the front
of the mouth (incisors, canine and bicuspid teeth) are ideal for
grasping and biting food into smaller pieces while the back teeth,
or molar teeth, are used to grind food up into a consistency suitable
for swallowing.
However, the average mouth is made to hold only 28 teeth. It can be
painful when 32 teeth try to fit in a mouth that has space for only
28 teeth. These four other teeth are your Third Molars, also known
as "wisdom teeth." The most common reason people choose
to remove their wisdom teeth is that their mouth is too small for
these teeth to normally erupt behind the second molar into a good
position.
The risks of keeping an impacted tooth extend beyond the impacted
tooth itself. Any impacted tooth will exert forces on the arch of
your smile that may cause unnecessary crowding of your teeth. An
impacted tooth below the gum surface may erode the roots of adjacent
teeth. An impacted tooth above the gum line may create a "food
trap" that is difficult to brush or floss and is likely to
lead to decay. Bleeding
It is not possible to do surgery without some bleeding one should
expect that the minimal oozing could be easily controlled by biting
on clean gauze or a tea bag. In case Bleeding cannot be controlled
than one should contact the dentist or emergency Department of the
Hospital. Patients whose medical condition contraindicates general
anesthesia, third molars can safely and effectively be removed with
local anesthetic only. Local anesthetics as used in the oral surgeon's
office are among the safest of drugs around and true allergic reaction
to a properly administered local anesthetic is very rare.
Common complications
In some cases, there may not be enough room in the jaw for the emerging
wisdom teeth. This can stall their exit at the halfway point (soft
impaction), and make brushing and flossing these teeth very difficult.
Food and bacteria will build up between the wisdom tooth and its
neighbouring molar, so decay and gum infections are more likely.
Crowded wisdom teeth in the upper jaw have a tendency to lean sideways
and grate against the cheek, causing chewing problems. The pressure
from wisdom teeth may also force the other teeth closer together
and interfere with the bite. Gum disease and cysts are other complications
of impacted wisdom teeth. Very rarely, a tumor may develop at the
site.
Self-care suggestions
After a dental extraction:
• Apply cold compresses to reduce swelling
• Take painkillers
• Regularly hold a mouthful of warm salty water, but don't
swish
• Don't brush over the area for a day or two
• Eat soft, easy to chew foods for the next few days.
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Statutory Warning: The information is intended
to help you better understand dental conditions and procedures and should
not be construed as specific medical advice or recommendation. The general
information provided here is not a substitute for a consultation with the
dentists. Only personal discussion of your individual needs with a professionally
qualified doctor / dentist will determine the best method of treatment suitable
for you.
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