Nature arranges the teeth in each jaw and in the opposite jaw in a
definite set pattern. This helps to keep the tooth decay and periodontal
(gum) disease and problems at bay, thereby ensuring the long and healthy
life of the teeth. A departure from the normal setting of the teeth
leads to shortening of the life of the teeth and allows food to be
trapped leading to decay of the teeth. Orthodontics is the specialty
branch of Dentistry dealing with the identification, prevention and
correction of protruded, crowded, retruded teeth and malaligned jawbones.
Over times this puts extra stress on the chewing muscles that can
lead to headaches, TMJ Disorders, neck, shoulder and back pain.
A
specialist in this field is called an orthodontist. Orthodontists
receive two or more years of education beyond their four years in
dental school in an IDA/BDA/ADA-approved orthodontic training program.
The benefits of orthodontic treatment go beyond making your face look
wonderful. You will be able to chew your food easier. If your teeth
are crooked, you will not be able to chew your food properly which
can lead to recurrent indigestion. The benefits of orthodontic treatment
include a healthier mouth, a more pleasing appearance, and teeth that
are more likely to last a lifetime. Braces are one of the things you
can do for children and adolescents to insure their health throughout
their lifetime. Adults too can vastly benefit from orthodontics. People
who have had braces look better and feel better about them.
Crooked teeth are hard to clean so that people with crooked teeth
tend to have more cavities and gum problems than people who have straight
teeth. Crooked teeth wear down in faster than they should. This puts
extra stress on your teeth, gums and jaw, which can lead to problems
later on. Children who get braces learn to take better dental care
in later life. Orthodontic treatment improves your smile. Think about
how you react to someone with a pretty smile. Orthodontic treatment
will make your smile look fantastic and it will last for the rest
of your life.
Fixed appliances include: Braces: Braces are the most common fixed appliances
consisting of bands, wires and/or brackets. Bands are fixed around
the teeth or tooth and used as anchors for the appliance, while brackets
are most often bonded to the front of the tooth. Arch wires are passed
through the brackets and attached to the bands. Tightening the arch
wire puts tension on the teeth, gradually moving them to their proper
position. Braces are usually adjusted monthly to bring about the desired
results, which may be achieved within a few months to a few years.
Today's braces are smaller, lighter and show far less metal than in
the past. They come in bright colors for kids as well as clear styles
preferred by many adults.
Fixed space maintainers:
If a baby tooth is lost prematurely, a space maintainer is used to
keep the space open until the permanent tooth erupts. A band is attached
to the tooth next to the empty space, and a wire is extended to the
tooth on the other side of the space.
Special fixed
appliances: To control thumb sucking or tongue thrusting,
these special fixed appliances are attached to the teeth by bands.
Because they are very uncomfortable during meals, they should be used
only as a last resort.
Removable
Appliances Include: Aligners:
These are alternative to traditional braces for adults. The serial
aligners are being used by an increasing number of orthodontists to
move teeth in the same way that fixed appliances work, only without
metal wires and brackets. Aligners are virtually invisible and are
removed for eating, brushing and flossing.
Removable
space maintainers: These devices serve the same function
as fixed space maintainers. They're made with an acrylic base that
fits over the jaw, and have plastic or wire branches between specific
teeth to keep the space between them open.
Jaw repositioning
appliances: These appliances are also called splints. These
devices are worn on either the top or lower jaw, and help train the
jaw to close in a more favorable position. They may be used for temporomandibular
joint disorders (TMJ). Orthognathic surgery is the type of major surgery
that deals with the cause and treatment of malpositioning of the jaws.
The surgery is usually carried out to alter the position of the dental
ARCHES and/ or the supporting structures, and is frequently done in
combination with ORTHODONTIC treatment. The surgeons who carry out
these types of treatment will have undergone extensive training, as
this is a very specialized field of dentistry.
Lip
and cheek bumpers: These are designed to keep the lips or
cheeks away from the teeth. Lip and cheek muscles can exert pressure
on the teeth, and these bumpers help relieve that pressure.
Palatal expander: The palatal expander device is
used to widen the arch of the upper jaw. It is a plastic plate that
fits over the roof of the mouth. Outward pressure applied to the plate
by screws force the joints in the bones of the palate to open lengthwise,
widening the palatal area.
Removable retainers:
These retainers are worn on the roof of the mouth; these devices prevent
shifting of the teeth to their previous position. They can also be
modified and used to prevent thumb sucking.
Headgear:
With the headgear, a strap is placed around the back of the head and
attached to a metal wire in front, or face bow. Headgear slows the
growth of the upper jaw, and holds the back teeth where they are while
the front teeth are pulled back.
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Statutory Warning: The information is intended
to help you better understand dental conditions and procedures and should
not be construed as specific medical advice or recommendation. The general
information provided here is not a substitute for a consultation with the
dentists. Only personal discussion of your individual needs with a professionally
qualified doctor / dentist will determine the best method of treatment suitable
for you.
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A
specialist in this field is called an orthodontist. Orthodontists
receive two or more years of education beyond their four years in
dental school in an IDA/BDA/ADA-approved orthodontic training program.
The benefits of orthodontic treatment go beyond making your face look
wonderful. You will be able to chew your food easier. If your teeth
are crooked, you will not be able to chew your food properly which
can lead to recurrent indigestion. The benefits of orthodontic treatment
include a healthier mouth, a more pleasing appearance, and teeth that
are more likely to last a lifetime. Braces are one of the things you
can do for children and adolescents to insure their health throughout
their lifetime. Adults too can vastly benefit from orthodontics. People
who have had braces look better and feel better about them. 
