Periodontics
Periodontics is the study of gums and other areas around the teeth.
A periodontist is a specialized dentist who treats gingivitis (inflammation
of the gingival tissues) and periodontitis (gingival tissue and
bone disease). A periodontist is a dentist who has had
additional years of specialized training in periodontics at a post-doctoral
educational program and is certified as such. Dentists will send
patients to a periodontist for the treatment of advanced gum disease,
or for complications resulting from gum disease, such as lost bone
and gum tissue.
Periodontal disease strikes an area just below the gum line called
the sulcus. Without proper cleaning and dental visits, plaque
and tartar
build up in the mouth and collect at the sulcus. Eventually, this
buildup, called calculus, will cause the gums to move away from the
teeth, forming pockets in the mouth. These pockets fill with even
more plaque. This shift can loosen teeth and damage bone.
In
advanced stages of gum disease, the periodontist intervenes and clears
out the pockets, shrinks them, smoothens the root surfaces and rearranges
the gum tissue into a more maintainable form. He or she will then
review proper oral care techniques with the patient.
Facts: New studies show that periodontal disease, otherwise
known as gum disease
, is linked to heart attacks and strokes. It is also one of the main
causes of tooth loss in adults. Periodontal disease is an infection
in the gums surrounding the teeth. There are two major stages of periodontal
disease: Gingivitis and Periodontitis. Regular dental check ups play
an important role in diagnosing gum disease early.
Gum disease can have devastating results
, yet 75% of the adult population suffers from this silent
gum disease and a large percentage is not aware of it. While the consequences
are serious, we tell you the simple steps anyone can take to easily
prevent gum disease. Adult gum disease is usually not painful. It
can progress slowly. You may not even be aware of it until the advanced
stages, when the tooth is in danger of being lost. Check your gums
thoroughly and regularly. It is also important to go for regular checkups
(at an interval schedule determined through collaboration with your
oral health professional, based on your own personal needs). Your
dental hygienist can detect the early stages of gum disease, when
it is the easiest to treat.
PERIODENTAL EVALUATION
Your dentist will check for periodontal or gum disease using instruments
and X-rays. An instrument called a periodontal probe is used to gently
measure the depth of the sulcus (the shallow v-shaped crevice between
your teeth and gums). A healthy sulcus depth is usually three millimeters
or less.
Gum or periodontal disease causes the sulcus to deepen into a pocket.
A periodontal probe can determine whether you have developed any pockets
and the depth of those pockets. Generally, the more severe is the
disease, deeper the pocket. Dental x-rays or radiographs also may
be taken to evaluate the amount of bone supporting the teeth and to
detect other problems not visible with the naked eye.
HEALTHY
GUMS AND TEETH
Gums appear light pink and are sharply defined. Bone completely surrounds
the roots of the teeth. Healthy
teeth and gums are maintained by daily plaque removal
from all surfaces of the tooth (through tooth brushing and interdental
cleaning)
The following features characterize healthy gums
:
pink or coral pink color, (normal variations in color depend
on race and complexion)
firm, resilient tissues
'orange-peel' texture (known as stippling)
teeth are firmly anchored into the bone
shape that follows the contour of the teeth and forms a scalloped
edge
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Statutory Warning: The information is intended
to help you better understand dental conditions and procedures and should
not be construed as specific medical advice or recommendation. The general
information provided here is not a substitute for a consultation with the
dentists. Only personal discussion of your individual needs with a professionally
qualified doctor / dentist will determine the best method of treatment suitable
for you.
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