The very next step after decay
is removed from a tooth is that something must be placed in that space
to give strength back to the tooth.
Fillings : Fillings are the best and most common restorative
procedure.
Inlays and onlays : In addition to fillings, lab
fabricated inlays and onlays are also sometimes used. Although many
patients think of these as fillings as well, they are actually different
since they are laboratory fabricated.
White fillings : The
most popular kind of 'white filling' is called a Composite filling.
It is made up of a composite quartz resin (glass and porcelain) and
usually contains some sort of light sensitive agent that is used during
curing. They are an attractive, durable alternative to silver (amalgam)
fillings. In the past, white fillings were placed only on front teeth,
but recently these composite materials have been specifically designed
to be able to survive the pressure of grinding when you chew. These
light cured composites are best looking and in most cases they can
be inserted in one appointment.
Silver (amalgam) fillings:Today, the use of white composite resin fillings is more
in vogue by most dentists. The principal component of amalgam is Mercury.
Due to the toxicity of Mercury, the principle component of amalgam
fillings, there is great debate as to the safety of these fillings.
Gamma-2-free amalgams continue to be used today because they are hard,
durable and inexpensive, despite the controversy. T here may still
be unique circumstances that call for a silver (amalgam) filling,
like placing on back teeth (molars).
White Porcelain inlay or onlay :This is used when cosmetics and wear resistance is most important
for a patients. A porcelain inlay or onlay is used when the cavity
is too big for a filling, but isn't so big that a crown is required.
An inlay is a filling within the cusp tips of the tooth. Onlays (also
known as overlays) will overlay one or more cusps in order to protect
and strengthen the tooth. This type of filling costs about the same
as an indirect composite inlay/onlay and takes two visits.
Gold: An
inlay or onlay may also be made of gold. Gold fillings despite being
expensive, have long history of use with excellent durability, wear
well, and do not cause excessive wear to the opposing teeth. But they
do conduct heat and cold making its presence felt in the mouth. Recent
advances has brought consumer focus on aesthetic results of composites
and procelain veneers and crowns.
Glass Ionomer Fillings:
It is a filling material that is tooth colored and contains
strontium, phosphate and fluoride ions. These fillings are a mixture
of glass and an organic acid. They are also tooth-coloured but vary
in translucency. Glass ionomer fillings are less aesthetic in result
as compared to what is achieved by composite resins.
As
far as the cavity filling preparation is concerned, glass ionomer
is comparable to the composite resin. Glass ionomer is considered
fairly conservative procedure as it disturbs fairly less tooth structure.
This filling material interacts with the enamel and dentin and actually
allows the tooth tissue to remineralize at the filling interface.
This provides a true biological and chemical seal with the tooth.
It is good for those who feel sensitivity with the rest of their otherwise
healthy looking teeth.
The glass ionomers are chemically set and require no light cure to
harden the material once placed in the cavity preparation. It however
need time to fully set and harden. The glass ionomers advantage over
composite resins include no shrinkage and micro leakage as bonding
is acid-base reaction and not a polymerization reaction; Glass ionomers
contain and release fluoride that helps prevent carious lesions; Glass
ionomer has less wear as compared to composite resins.
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Statutory Warning: The information is intended
to help you better understand dental conditions and procedures and should
not be construed as specific medical advice or recommendation. The general
information provided here is not a substitute for a consultation with the
dentists. Only personal discussion of your individual needs with a professionally
qualified doctor / dentist will determine the best method of treatment suitable
for you.
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The
most popular kind of 'white filling' is called a Composite filling.
It is made up of a composite quartz resin (glass and porcelain) and
usually contains some sort of light sensitive agent that is used during
curing. They are an attractive, durable alternative to silver (amalgam)
fillings. In the past, white fillings were placed only on front teeth,
but recently these composite materials have been specifically designed
to be able to survive the pressure of grinding when you chew. These
light cured composites are best looking and in most cases they can
be inserted in one appointment. 
Today, the use of white composite resin fillings is more
in vogue by most dentists. The principal component of amalgam is Mercury.
Due to the toxicity of Mercury, the principle component of amalgam
fillings, there is great debate as to the safety of these fillings.
Gamma-2-free amalgams continue to be used today because they are hard,
durable and inexpensive, despite the controversy. T here may still
be unique circumstances that call for a silver (amalgam) filling,
like placing on back teeth (molars).
This is used when cosmetics and wear resistance is most important
for a patients. A porcelain inlay or onlay is used when the cavity
is too big for a filling, but isn't so big that a crown is required.
An inlay is a filling within the cusp tips of the tooth. Onlays (also
known as overlays) will overlay one or more cusps in order to protect
and strengthen the tooth. This type of filling costs about the same
as an indirect composite inlay/onlay and takes two visits. 
An
inlay or onlay may also be made of gold. Gold fillings despite being
expensive, have long history of use with excellent durability, wear
well, and do not cause excessive wear to the opposing teeth. But they
do conduct heat and cold making its presence felt in the mouth. Recent
advances has brought consumer focus on aesthetic results of composites
and procelain veneers and crowns. 
As
far as the cavity filling preparation is concerned, glass ionomer
is comparable to the composite resin. Glass ionomer is considered
fairly conservative procedure as it disturbs fairly less tooth structure.
This filling material interacts with the enamel and dentin and actually
allows the tooth tissue to remineralize at the filling interface.
This provides a true biological and chemical seal with the tooth.
It is good for those who feel sensitivity with the rest of their otherwise
healthy looking teeth.